by Dr. Alex Heyne Contributor

Before and After Cupping Therapy: How It Works and How It Helps

Cupping therapy, an ancient healing practice, involves placing cups on the skin to create suction, promoting blood flow and alleviating various ailments. Its historical roots trace back to ancient Egyptian, Chinese, and Middle Eastern civilizations, where it was believed to balance the body’s vital energy, known as qi.

Historical Roots and the Resurgence of Cupping Therapy

The earliest documented use dates back to 1550 BC in the Ebers Papyrus, an ancient Egyptian medical text. Cupping continued to evolve, with various cultures incorporating it into their traditional medicine systems. In modern times, cupping has experienced a resurgence in popularity, gaining attention for its potential benefits in reducing pain, inflammation, and promoting relaxation.

Athletes, celebrities, and individuals seeking alternative therapies have contributed to its widespread adoption. As scientific interest grows, studies explore its effectiveness in treating conditions like chronic pain and musculoskeletal issues, further fueling its contemporary appeal.

The blend of ancient wisdom and modern validation has positioned cupping therapy as a fascinating and evolving facet of holistic health practices.

Understanding Cupping Therapy

Cupping therapy encompasses various techniques, each employing different methods and materials. Dry cupping involves placing cups on the skin and creating suction through mechanical means like a hand pump, promoting blood flow to the affected area.

Wet cupping, on the other hand, involves making small incisions on the skin before applying suction, allowing the removal of a small amount of blood.

Fire cupping is another method where a flame briefly heats the cup’s interior before it is placed on the skin, creating a vacuum as the air inside cools.

The materials used in cupping have evolved over time. Traditional materials include glass and bamboo cups, while contemporary options include silicone cups. Glass cups are heated before being applied to the skin in fire cupping, while silicone cups are flexible and can be squeezed to create suction. The choice of materials and techniques often depends on individual preferences and the practitioner’s expertise.

How Cupping Therapy Works

The mechanism of action in cupping therapy involves the creation of suction, which serves multiple purposes. Firstly, it enhances blood circulation to the targeted area, promoting the delivery of oxygen and nutrients while facilitating the removal of metabolic waste products.

Secondly, cupping aides in detoxification by drawing out impurities and stagnant blood from the body. In traditional Chinese medicine, cupping is believed to balance the flow of vital energy, or qi, by removing blockages along the body’s meridians.

This combination of physiological and energetic effects contributes to the holistic nature of cupping therapy, making it a versatile practice with both ancient roots and contemporary applications.

Cupping Therapy Benefits

A 2021 study conducted a comprehensive assessment of systematic reviews on cupping therapy for various conditions. Using multiple databases, 13 systematic reviews meeting inclusion criteria were analyzed, resulting in an evidence map represented by 16 bubbles.

The findings suggest potential benefits of cupping for conditions like low back pain, ankylosing spondylitis, knee osteoarthritis, neck pain, herpes zoster, migraine, plaque psoriasis, and chronic urticaria. The evidence map visually displays research volume and outcomes, emphasizing the significant role of cupping in areas such as musculoskeletal pain and skin diseases.

Pain relief and management

Before cupping therapy, individuals often seek relief from various forms of pain, especially musculoskeletal discomfort. Whether it’s chronic back pain, muscle tightness, or joint stiffness, cupping has been embraced for its potential to alleviate such issues.

The therapy involves creating suction on specific areas, which can help increase blood flow to the targeted muscles and joints. This enhanced circulation contributes to the reduction of inflammation and promotes the healing of tissues. Moreover, cupping is known for its ability to release tension in muscles, providing a sense of relaxation and comfort.

After cupping therapy, individuals often experience significant pain relief and improved management of musculoskeletal issues. The increased blood flow to affected areas aids in the healing process, reducing pain and promoting flexibility. The relaxation induced by cupping can also contribute to stress reduction, offering a holistic approach to pain management.

2016 research aimed to assess the effectiveness of cupping therapy (CT) in alleviating chronic neck and shoulder pain (NSP) by examining changes in skin surface temperature (SST). Sixty subjects with self-perceived NSP participated in a single-blind experimental design.

The cupping group received CT at specific acupuncture points, while the control group received no intervention. Results showed a statistically significant increase in SST at the GB 21 acupuncture point in the cupping group, while the control group exhibited minimal change.

Neck pain intensity (NPI) severity scores significantly decreased in the cupping group compared to the control group. The study suggests that a single CT treatment can increase SST and reduce subjective NSP intensity.

Improving circulation and lymphatic drainage

Cupping therapy also influences circulatory and lymphatic systems, offering benefits before and after treatment. Before cupping, individuals may experience poor blood circulation or lymphatic drainage issues. Cupping addresses these concerns by creating suction, enhancing blood flow, and supporting the lymphatic system in eliminating toxins. After cupping, individuals often notice improved circulation, reduced swelling, and a general sense of detoxification.

A 2018 retrospective study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of bloodletting cupping therapy (Hijama) in treating hypertension. Data from 60 patients aged 40-60 with systolic blood pressure (SBP) of at least 140mm Hg were analyzed.

The study compared 30 patient files from licensed Hijama centers (study group) with 30 files from a hospital (control group). Results showed a significant reduction in SBP (from 149.2 to 130.8mm Hg) over three wet cupping sessions, with the study group exhibiting a mean SBP 9.6mm Hg lower than the control group.

While no significant change was observed in diastolic blood pressure (DBP), the study suggests a clear relationship between Hijama and SBP reduction in hypertensive patients. The study concludes that Hijama could be used as an adjunct to conventional therapy, allowing for potential dose reduction of antihypertensive drugs.

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Skin health and appearance

Additionally, cupping can contribute to healthier skin. Before treatment, individuals with skin conditions like eczema or acne may seek relief from the discomfort and appearance-related concerns. After cupping, there is potential improvement in skin conditions due to increased blood circulation and the removal of toxins through the lymphatic system.

Furthermore, the therapy’s ability to stimulate collagen production can contribute to anti-aging effects, promoting a healthier and more youthful skin appearance. In essence, cupping therapy offers a range of benefits that extend beyond the treatment session, providing individuals with both physical and aesthetic improvements.

Marks From Cupping Therapy

The marks left by cupping therapy, often referred to as “cupping marks” or “cupping bruises,” are a distinctive aspect of the treatment. These marks are caused by the suction effect of the cups, which draw blood to the surface of the skin.

While the marks can look like bruises, they are generally not painful and typically fade within a few days to a couple of weeks. The coloration of the marks can vary, ranging from light pink or red to dark purple, depending on factors such as the individual’s skin tone, the intensity of the suction, and the duration of the cupping session.

Despite their temporary appearance, these marks are not indicative of harm; rather, they are a visual representation of the therapeutic process, signaling increased blood circulation and the release of toxins from the body.

Many individuals view these marks as a natural and expected outcome of cupping therapy, and their transient nature is outweighed by the potential benefits experienced in terms of pain relief, improved circulation, and overall well-being

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Conclusion

Cupping therapy, an ancient healing practice encompassing various techniques and materials, proves versatile in addressing musculoskeletal pain, promoting relaxation, improving circulation, and enhancing skin health. As individuals explore this traditional method, responsible engagement is encouraged, emphasizing communication with qualified practitioners and a mindful integration into one’s wellness routine. The enduring popularity of cupping in contemporary times reflects its relevance, supported by a growing body of research. Rooted in ancient traditions, cupping’s ability to address modern concerns underscores its significance as a harmonious blend of ancient wisdom and contemporary understanding in the pursuit of optimal health.

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